GM | Satu Dasawarsa - Prolegomena

<div class="separator" style="clear: both;display:none;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEia2sAZ3jPweCDKIBjt-sA5SQBUIulAm6fJ9mVJOnc6R_lUDE_qRPVHoDdXDaWx0NhP0Q4_1rMO9nFT4bBQlAWlNkzZ54s9aofEzO8ZpPFjk5xBZhSbJYucm3fHrY4GJawVaxpypR-lH48/s0/doktrin+kristen+%25284%2529.jpg" style="display: block; padding: 0em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="515" data-original-width="646" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEia2sAZ3jPweCDKIBjt-sA5SQBUIulAm6fJ9mVJOnc6R_lUDE_qRPVHoDdXDaWx0NhP0Q4_1rMO9nFT4bBQlAWlNkzZ54s9aofEzO8ZpPFjk5xBZhSbJYucm3fHrY4GJawVaxpypR-lH48/s0/doktrin+kristen+%25284%2529.jpg"/></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-7nvvSlXxf22G0V1VojYzcCEW3cSntCmOxUNNMoSSOKRhq-dpefUREX1yziLT0XyG5qRVdVaNZP2CszHoWhsnQTV3HzWSMLclNWoHZGIfZfd0eESroFy6ZscETFGUWQxGvbbyRWHLXXjp/s0/doktrin+sistematis.jpg" style="display: block; padding: 0em 0px; text-align: center;"><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="901" data-original-width="1200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-7nvvSlXxf22G0V1VojYzcCEW3cSntCmOxUNNMoSSOKRhq-dpefUREX1yziLT0XyG5qRVdVaNZP2CszHoWhsnQTV3HzWSMLclNWoHZGIfZfd0eESroFy6ZscETFGUWQxGvbbyRWHLXXjp/s0/doktrin+sistematis.jpg" /></a></div><div><h1 class="firstHeading" id="firstHeading" lang="id" style="border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-family: "PT Sans Narrow"; font-size: 1.8em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.3; margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">Pengantar</h1></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div>Sebagai referensi, berikut adalah penjelasan singkat tentang doktrin-doktrin pokok Kristen dari perspektif Teologi kekristenan. </div><div> </div><div>Kendati sebenarnya ada duabelas cabang ilmu yang dianggap perlu untuk diketahui guna membantu memahami prinsip-prinsip yang mendasari Teologi Kristen, namun cakupan pembahasan umum di sini terbatas hanya pada isu-isu paling populer dalam apologetika Kristen vs Islam saja. Yaitu doktrin-doktrin yang secara merdeka -- terlepas dari segala pengaruh doktrin Kristen -- ditela'ah dengan mengedepankan logika seperti di antaranya doktrin Paterologi, Kristologi, Pneumatologi, Trinitas, Bibliologi dan apologetika Kristen berikut variannya.</div><div> </div><div>Adapun penjelasan dari beberapa doktrin tsb yang turut kami sajikan di sini tidak akan dibahas secara luas dan mendalam, karena pada hakekatnya hanya dimaksudkan sebagai pengantar saja.</div><div> </div><div>Demikian. Semoga bermanfaat! </div><div> </div></div><div> <h1 class="firstHeading" id="firstHeading" lang="id" style="border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-family: "PT Sans Narrow"; font-size: 1.8em; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.3; margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">Teologi Sistematika</h1><div class="mw-body-content" id="bodyContent" style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.6; position: relative; z-index: 0;"><div id="contentSub" style="color: #54595d; font-family: "PT sans narrow"; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 0px 0px 1.4em 1em; width: auto;"></div><div id="contentSub2" style="color: #54595d; font-family: "PT sans narrow"; font-size: 11.76px; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 0px 0px 1.4em 1em; width: auto;"></div><div id="jump-to-nav" style="color: #202122; font-family: "PT sans narrow";"></div><a class="mw-jump-link" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teologi_Sistematika_(Han)#mw-head" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px); color: #0b0080; display: block; font-family: "PT sans narrow"; height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: absolute; text-align: justify; text-decoration-line: none; width: 1px;">Loncat ke navigasi</a><a class="mw-jump-link" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teologi_Sistematika_(Han)#searchInput" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px); color: #0b0080; display: block; font-family: "PT sans narrow"; height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: absolute; text-align: justify; text-decoration-line: none; width: 1px;">Loncat ke pencarian</a><div class="mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr" id="mw-content-text" lang="id" style="direction: ltr;"><div class="mw-parser-output"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJJdt7u9Um1gwYTmU1MB7Wsr5mDd7hs0y4YMArb4uTSDEUvv5nP3DK_cvcvmmWrTOGhCk2dFvN1bk-KE0B11_8H13lPpJs5w5L5kf6JbvvzEF-qyvreL-TTExAvB_Y-IS4DTSQR-g3bc9M/s300/teologi.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 0em; margin-right: 1em; padding-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="250" data-original-width="300" height="250" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJJdt7u9Um1gwYTmU1MB7Wsr5mDd7hs0y4YMArb4uTSDEUvv5nP3DK_cvcvmmWrTOGhCk2dFvN1bk-KE0B11_8H13lPpJs5w5L5kf6JbvvzEF-qyvreL-TTExAvB_Y-IS4DTSQR-g3bc9M/s0/teologi.jpg" width="300" /></a><div style="text-align: justify;">Teologi sistematika adalah disiplin <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_theology" style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); color: #0645ad; text-align: start; text-decoration-line: none;" title="teologi kristen">teologi Kristen</a> yang merumuskan penjelasan yang teratur, rasional, dan koheren tentang <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doctrine" style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); color: #0645ad; text-align: start; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Doktrin">doktrin</a>-<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doctrine" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Doctrine">doktrin</a> iman Kristen. Ini membahas isu-isu seperti apa yang Alkitab ajarkan tentang topik tertentu atau apa yang benar tentang Tuhan dan alam semesta-Nya. Itu juga dibangun di atas disiplin alkitabiah, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church_history" style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); color: #0645ad; text-align: start; text-decoration-line: none;" title="sejarah gereja">sejarah gereja</a>, serta <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historical_theology" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Historical theology">teologi </a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblical_theology" style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); color: #0645ad; text-align: start; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Teologi biblika">biblika</a> dan <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historical_theology" style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); color: #0645ad; text-align: start; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Teologi sejarah">sejarah</a>. Teologi sistematika berbagi tugas sistematisnya dengan disiplin ilmu lain seperti <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constructive_theology" style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); color: #0645ad; text-align: start; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Teologi konstruktif">teologi konstruktif</a>, <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dogmatics" style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); color: #0645ad; text-align: start; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Dogmatika">dogmatis</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethics" style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); color: #0645ad; text-align: start; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Etika">
 etika</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apologetics" style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); color: #0645ad; text-align: start; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Apologetika">apologetika</a>, dan <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophy_of_religion" style="background: none rgb(255, 255, 255); color: #0645ad; text-align: start; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Filsafat agama">filsafat agama</a>.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><h2 style="background-color: white; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-family: "Linux Libertine", Georgia, Times, serif; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.3; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; text-align: start;">Metode </h2>Dengan tradisi metodologis yang agak berbeda dari <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblical_theology" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Teologi biblika">teologi biblika</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblical_theology" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Biblical theology">teologi</a> sistematika mengacu pada <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sacred_texts" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Teks suci">teks</a>-<a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sacred_texts" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Sacred texts">teks suci</a> inti Kekristenan, sambil secara bersamaan menyelidiki perkembangan doktrin Kristen selama perjalanan sejarah, khususnya melalui filsafat, etika, ilmu sosial, dan ilmu alam. Menggunakan teks-teks alkitabiah, ia mencoba untuk membandingkan dan menghubungkan semua kitab suci yang mengarah pada penciptaan pernyataan sistematis tentang apa yang dikatakan seluruh Alkitab tentang masalah-masalah tertentu.Dalam Kekristenan, tradisi yang berbeda (baik intelektual maupun gerejawi) mendekati teologi sistematika dengan cara yang berbeda yang berdampak pada (a) metode yang digunakan untuk mengembangkan sistem, (b) pemahaman tugas teologi, (c) doktrin yang termasuk dalam sistem, dan (d) tatanan doktrin-doktrin itu muncul. Bahkan dengan keragaman seperti itu, umumnya karya yang dapat digambarkan sebagai teologi sistematika yang dimulai dengan wahyu dan diakhiri dengan eskatologi.Karena berfokus pada kebenaran, teologi sistematika juga dibingkai untuk berinteraksi dengan dan menangani dunia kontemporer. Ada banyak penulis yang mengeksplorasi bidang ini seperti  antara lain kasus <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Gore" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Charles Gore">Charles Gore</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Walvoord" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="John Walvoord">John Walvoord</a>, Lindsay Dewar, dan <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C._F._D._Moule" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="CFD Moule">Charles Moule</a>. Kerangka kerja yang dikembangkan oleh para teolog ini melibatkan tinjauan sejarah postbiblikal suatu doktrin setelah terlebih dahulu membahas materi-materi alkitabiah.  Proses ini diakhiri dengan penerapan pada isu-isu kontemporer.</div><h2 style="border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); color: black; font-family: "PT Sans Narrow"; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.3; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">Kategori</h2>Secara umum, terdapat 12 <a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doktrin" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Doktrin">doktrin</a> yang tercantum dalam Sistematika Teologi + 1 ajaran pembelaan Iman Kristen:<ul style="list-style-image: url("/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/bullet-icon.svg?d4515"); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px 1.6em; padding: 0px;"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; text-align: justify;">Prolegomena Doktrin Kristen | Pengantar Dogmatika [a]</li><li style="color: #202122; margin-bottom: 0.1em; text-align: justify;"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkitab" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Alkitab">Doktrin Alkitab | Bibliologi</a></li><li style="color: #202122; margin-bottom: 0.1em; text-align: justify;"><a class="extiw" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theology_proper" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #663366; text-decoration-line: none;" title="en:Theology proper">Doktrin Allah | Teologi Proper</a></li>
 <li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; text-align: justify;">
 <a class="extiw" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_anthropology" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #663366; text-decoration-line: none;" title="en:Christian anthropology">Doktrin Manusia | Antropologi (Kristen)</a> [b]</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; text-align: justify;"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dosa_(Kristen)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Dosa (Kristen)">Doktrin Dosa | Hamartologi Kristen)</a> [b]</li><li style="color: #202122; margin-bottom: 0.1em; text-align: justify;"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristologi" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Kristologi">Doktrin Kristus | Kristologi</a></li><li style="color: #202122; margin-bottom: 0.1em; text-align: justify;"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soteriologi" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Soteriologi">Doktrin Keselamatan | Soteriologi (Kristen)</a></li><li style="color: #202122; margin-bottom: 0.1em; text-align: justify;"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eklesiologi" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Eklesiologi">Doktrin Gereja | Eklesiologi</a></li><li style="color: #202122; margin-bottom: 0.1em; text-align: justify;"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roh_Kudus_(Kekristenan)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Roh Kudus (Kekristenan)">Doktrin Roh Kudus | Pneumatologi (Kekristenan)</a></li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; text-align: justify;"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelologi_Kristen" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Angelologi Kristen">Doktrin Malaikat | Angelologi (Kristen)</a> [c]</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; text-align: justify;"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demonologi" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Demonologi">Doktrin Iblis | Demonologi (Kristen)</a> [c]</li><li style="color: #202122; margin-bottom: 0.1em; text-align: justify;"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eskatologi_Kristen" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Eskatologi Kristen">Doktrin Akhir Jaman | Eskatologi (Kristen)</a></li></ul><ul style="color: #202122; list-style-image: url("/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/bullet-icon.svg?d4515"); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px 1.6em; padding: 0px;"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; text-align: justify;"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apologetika" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Apologetika">Pembelaan Iman Kristen | Apologetika.</a><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teologi_Sistematika_(Han)#cite_note-The_Grace_Institute-2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration-line: none;">[2]</a></li></ul>Catatan :[a] Untuk memasuki semua doktrin yang ada, diperlukan prolegomena sebagai dasar untuk memahami doktrin-doktrin yang ada.[b] Kadang Antropologi dengan Harmatologi digabungkan menjadi satu karena satu kesatuan.[c] Kadang Doktrin Malaikat dan Iblis dijadikan satu dalam <a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelologi_Kristen" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Angelologi Kristen">Angelologi</a>.<h2 style="border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); color: black; font-family: "PT Sans Narrow"; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.3; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">Sejarah</h2>Pembentukan dan integrasi berbagai ide Kristen dan gagasan yang terkait dengan Kekristenan, termasuk beragam topik dan tema Alkitab, dalam satu presentasi yang koheren dan tertata dengan baik adalah perkembangan yang relatif terlambat. Dalam <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Gereja Ortodoks Timur">Ortodoksi Timur</a>, sebuah contoh awal diberikan oleh Eksposisi Iman Ortodoks abad ke-8 karya <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_of_Damascus" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Yohanes dari Damaskus">John dari Damaskus</a>, di mana ia mencoba mengatur dan menunjukkan koherensi teologi teks-teks klasik tradisi teologi Timur.Di Barat, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentences" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Kalimat">Kalimat</a> abad ke-12 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Lombard" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Peter Lombard">karya Peter Lombard</a>, di mana ia secara tematis mengumpulkan serangkaian besar kutipan dari para <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church_Fathers" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Bapa Gereja">Bapa Gereja</a>, menjadi dasar tradisi <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scholasticism" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Skolastisisme">skolastik </a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_Ages" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Abad Pertengahan">abad </a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scholasticism" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Skolastisisme">pertengahan</a> tentang komentar dan penjelasan tematik. <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summa_Theologiae" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Summa Theologiae">Summa Theologiae</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Aquinas" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Thomas Aquinas"> karya Thomas Aquinas merupakan</a> contoh terbaik dari tradisi skolastik ini. The <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lutheran_scholasticism" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Skolastisisme Lutheran">Lutheran skolastik</a> tradisi dari tematik, eksposisi memerintahkan teologi Kristen muncul pada abad ke-16 dengan <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philipp_Melanchthon" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Philipp Melanchthon">Philipp Melanchthon ini </a><a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loci_Communes" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="komune lokus">Loci Komune</a>, dan dimentahkan oleh skolastik Calvinis, yang dicontohkan oleh <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Calvin" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="John Calvin">John Calvin </a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institutes_of_the_Christian_Religion" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Institut Agama Kristen">Institutio</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentences" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Kalimat"></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church_Fathers" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Bapa Gereja"></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_Ages" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Abad Pertengahan"></a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scholasticism" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Skolastisisme"></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Aquinas" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Thomas Aquinas"></a><a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summa_Theologiae" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Summa Theologiae"></a><a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lutheran_scholasticism" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Skolastisisme Lutheran"></a><a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philipp_Melanchthon" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Philipp Melanchthon"></a><a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loci_Communes" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="komune lokus"></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Calvin" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="John Calvin"></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institutes_of_the_Christian_Religion" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Institut Agama Kristen"></a>.Pada abad ke-19, terutama dalam kelompok <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protestantism" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Protestantisme">Protestan</a>, jenis teologi sistematika baru muncul yang berusaha menunjukkan bahwa doktrin Kristen membentuk sistem yang lebih koheren yang didasarkan pada satu atau lebih <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axiom" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Aksioma">aksioma</a> fundamental. Teologi-teologi semacam itu sering kali melibatkan pemangkasan dan penafsiran ulang yang lebih drastis terhadap kepercayaan tradisional agar sesuai dengan aksioma atau aksioma.  <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friedrich_Daniel_Ernst_Schleiermacher" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Friedrich Daniel Ernst Schleiermacher">Friedrich Daniel Ernst Schleiermacher</a>, misalnya, menghasilkan Der christliche Glaube nach den Grundsätzen der evangelischen Kirche ( Iman Kristen Menurut Prinsip-Prinsip Gereja Protestan) pada tahun 1820-an, di mana ide dasarnya adalah kehadiran universal di antara umat manusia, terkadang lebih tersembunyi, terkadang lebih eksplisit, dari perasaan atau kesadaran akan 'ketergantungan mutlak'.<h2 style="border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); color: black; font-family: "PT Sans Narrow"; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.3; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">Penggunaan kontemporer</h2>Ada tiga penggunaan yang tumpang tindih dari istilah 'teologi sistematika' dalam teologi Kristen kontemporer.<ul style="background-color: white; color: #202122; list-style-image: url("/w/skins/Vector/resources/common/images/bullet-icon.svg?d4515"); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px 1.6em; padding: 0px;"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; text-align: justify;">Menurut beberapa teolog di kalangan <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evangelicalism" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Evangelikalisme">evangelis</a>, ini digunakan untuk merujuk pada koleksi topikal dan eksplorasi isi <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bible" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Alkitab">Alkitab</a>, di mana perspektif yang berbeda diberikan pada pesan Alkitab daripada yang dikumpulkan hanya dengan membaca narasi Alkitab, puisi, peribahasa, dan surat-surat sebagai kisah penebusan atau sebagai pedoman bagaimana menjalani kehidupan yang saleh. Salah satu keuntungan dari pendekatan ini adalah memungkinkan seseorang untuk melihat semua yang dikatakan Alkitab mengenai beberapa subjek (misalnya atribut Tuhan), dan satu bahaya adalah kecenderungan untuk menetapkan definisi teknis untuk istilah berdasarkan beberapa bagian dan kemudian baca artinya di mana-mana istilah itu digunakan dalam Alkitab (misalnya "<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Justification_(theology)" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Pembenaran (teologi)">pembenaran</a> " seperti yang digunakan Paulus dalam suratnya kepada jemaat di Roma) diusulkan oleh beberapa teolog evangelis sebagai digunakan dalam arti yang berbeda dengan bagaimana Yakobus menggunakannya dalam suratnya (<a class="external text" href="https://www.biblica.com/bible/?osis=niv:Romans%204:25" rel="nofollow" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: initial; background: url("/w/resources/src/mediawiki.skinning/images/external-ltr.svg?59558") right center no-repeat; color: #3366bb; padding-right: 13px; text-decoration-line: none;">Roma 4:25</a>, <a class="external text" href="https://www.biblica.com/bible/?osis=niv:Romans%205:16%E2%80%9318" rel="nofollow" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: initial; background: url("/w/resources/src/mediawiki.skinning/images/external-ltr.svg?59558") right center no-repeat; color: #3366bb; padding-right: 13px; text-decoration-line: none;">Roma 5:16-18</a> dan <a class="external text" href="https://www.biblica.com/bible/?osis=niv:James%202:21%E2%80%9325" rel="nofollow" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: initial; background: url("/w/resources/src/mediawiki.skinning/images/external-ltr.svg?59558") right center no-repeat; color: #3366bb; padding-right: 13px; text-decoration-line: none;">Yakobus 2: 21–25</a>) Dalam pandangan ini, teologi sistematika melengkapi <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblical_theology" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Teologi biblika">teologi</a> biblika.Teologi biblika menelusuri tema-tema secara kronologis melalui Alkitab, sementara teologi sistematika mengkaji tema-tema secara topikal; teologi biblika mencerminkan keragaman Alkitab, sedangkan teologi sistematika mencerminkan kesatuannya. Namun, ada beberapa teolog sistematika kontemporer dari aliran evangelikal yang akan mempertanyakan konfigurasi disiplin teologi sistematika ini. Kekhawatiran mereka ada dua. Pertama, alih-alih menjadi eksplorasi sistematis kebenaran teologis, ketika teologi sistematika didefinisikan sedemikian rupa seperti dijelaskan di atas, itu identik dengan teologi biblika. Sebaliknya, beberapa teolog sistematika kontemporer berusaha menggunakan semua sumber daya yang tersedia untuk memastikan sifat Tuhan dan hubungan Tuhan dengan dunia, termasuk filsafat, sejarah, budaya, dll. Singkatnya, para teolog ini berpendapat bahwa teologi sistematika dan biblika adalah dua hal yang terpisah. terkait, disiplin. Kedua, beberapa teolog sistematika mengklaim bahwa evangelikalisme itu sendiri terlalu beragam untuk menggambarkan pendekatan di atas sebagai sudut pandang "injili". Sebaliknya, para teolog sistematika ini akan mencatat bahwa dalam kasus di mana teologi sistematika didefinisikan sedemikian rupa sehingga hanya bergantung pada Alkitab, itu adalah versi teologi evangelikal yang sangat konservatif dan tidak berbicara untuk teologi evangelis secara keseluruhan.</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; text-align: justify;">Istilah ini juga dapat digunakan untuk merujuk pada teologi yang dengan sendirinya berusaha untuk melestarikan tradisi klasik dari eksplorasi tematik teologi yang dijelaskan di atas – seringkali melalui komentar atas tradisi klasik tersebut: Damaskus, Aquinas, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Calvin" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="John Calvin">John Calvin</a>, Melanchthon dan yang lain.</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; text-align: justify;">Biasanya (tetapi tidak secara eksklusif) dalam <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberal_Christianity#Liberal_theology" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Kristen Liberal">teologi liberal</a>, istilah ini dapat digunakan untuk merujuk pada upaya untuk mengikuti jejak <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friedrich_Schleiermacher" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Friedrich Schleiermacher">Friedrich Schleiermacher</a>, dan menafsirkan ulang teologi Kristen untuk memperolehnya dari serangkaian aksioma atau prinsip inti. </li></ul>Dalam ketiga pengertian tersebut, teologi sistematika Kristen akan sering menyentuh beberapa atau semua topik berikut: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/God" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Tuhan">Tuhan</a>, <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trinitarianism" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Trinitarianisme">trinitarianisme</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revelation" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Wahyu">wahyu</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creationism" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Kreasionisme">penciptaan</a> dan <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Divine_providence" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Takdir Tuhan">pemeliharaan ilahi</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theodicy" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Teodisi">teodisi</a>, <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theological_anthropology" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Antropologi teologis">antropologi teologis</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christology" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Kristologi">Kristologi</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soteriology" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Soteriologi">soteriologi</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecclesiology" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Eklesiologi">eklesiologi</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eschatology" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Eskatologi">eskatologi</a>, Israelologi, Bibliologi, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermeneutics" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Hermeneutika">hermeneutika</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sacrament" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Sakramen">sakramen</a> , <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pneumatology_(Christianity)" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Pneumatologi (Kristen)">pneumatologi</a>, kehidupan Kristen, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heaven" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Surga">Surga</a>, dan pernyataan <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interfaith" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="lintas agama">antaragama</a> tentang agama lain.<h2 style="border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); color: black; font-family: "PT sans narrow"; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.3; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">Lihat Pula</h2><ul style="color: #202122; list-style-image: url("/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/bullet-icon.svg?d4515"); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px 1.6em; padding: 0px;"><li style="break-inside: avoid-column; margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Systematic_theologians" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Kategori:Teolog sistematika">Kategori:Teolog sistematika</a></li><li style="break-inside: avoid-column; margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblical_exegesis" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0645ad; outline-color: rgb(51, 102, 204);" title="">eksegesis alkitabiah</a></li><li style="break-inside: avoid-column; margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblical_theology" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Teologi biblika">Teologi biblika</a></li><li style="break-inside: avoid-column; margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_apologetics" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="apologetik Kristen">apologetik Kristen</a></li><li style="break-inside: avoid-column; margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_theology" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="teologi kristen">teologi kristen</a></li><li style="break-inside: avoid-column; margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constructive_theology" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Teologi konstruktif">Teologi konstruktif</a></li><li style="break-inside: avoid-column; margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dispensationalist_theology" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Teologi Dispensasionalis">Teologi Dispensasionalis</a></li><li style="break-inside: avoid-column; margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dogmatic_Theology" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Teologi Dogmatis">Teologi Dogmatis</a></li><li style="break-inside: avoid-column; margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feminist_theology" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Teologi feminis">Teologi feminis</a></li><li style="break-inside: avoid-column; margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermeneutics" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Hermeneutika">Hermeneutika</a></li><li style="break-inside: avoid-column; margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historicism_(Christianity)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Historisisme (Kristen)">Historisisme (Kristen)</a></li><li style="break-inside: avoid-column; margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberal_Christianity" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Kristen Liberal">Kristen Liberal</a></li><li style="break-inside: avoid-column; margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberation_theology" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Teologi pembebasan">Teologi pembebasan</a></li><li style="break-inside: avoid-column; margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophical_theology" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Teologi filosofis">Teologi filosofis</a></li><li style="break-inside: avoid-column; margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophy_of_religion" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Filsafat agama">Filsafat agama</a></li><li style="break-inside: avoid-column; margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_theology" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Teologi politik">Teologi politik</a></li><li style="break-inside: avoid-column; margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postliberal_theology" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Teologi pascaliberal">Teologi pascaliberal</a></li><li style="break-inside: avoid-column; margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Process_theology" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Teologi proses">Teologi proses</a></li><li style="break-inside: avoid-column; margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theology_of_Anabaptism" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Teologi Anabaptis">Teologi Anabaptis</a></li></ul><h2 style="border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); color: black; font-family: "PT Sans Narrow"; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.3; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">Bacaan Tambahan</h2><ul style="color: #202122; list-style-image: url("/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/bullet-icon.svg?d4515"); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px 1.6em; padding: 0px;"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; text-align: justify;">Augustus Hopkins Strong. <a class="external text" href="https://www.ccel.org/ccel/strong" rel="nofollow" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: url("/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84"); background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: initial; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px; text-decoration-line: none;">Systematic Theology</a>.</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; text-align: justify;">
 Cornelius van Til, An Introduction to Systematic Theology. (Tersedia dalam bahasa Indonesia Pengantar Theologi Sistematik : Prolegomena, dan Doktrin Wahyu Alkitab, dan Allah).</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; text-align: justify;">Herman Banvick. Gereformeerde Dogmatiek / Reformed Dogmatics 4 Volume. (Tersedia dalam Bahasa Indonesia Dogmatika Reformed 3 Volume).</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; text-align: justify;">James Montgomery Boice. Foundations of the Christian Faith. (Terseia dalam Bahasa Indonesia Dasar-Dasar Iman Kristen).</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; text-align: justify;">Louis Berkhof, <a class="external text" href="https://ccel.org/ccel/berkhof/systematictheology/systematictheology.i.html" rel="nofollow" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: url("/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84"); background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: initial; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px; text-decoration-line: none;">Systematic Theology</a>.</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; text-align: justify;">John Frame. (2013). <a class="external text" href="https://frame-poythress.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/John-Frame-Systematic-Theology-Excerpt.pdf" rel="nofollow" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Icons-mini-file_acrobat.gif"); background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: initial; color: #663366; padding-right: 18px; text-decoration-line: none;">Systematic Theology An Introduction to Christian Belief</a>. New Jersey : P&R Publishing Company</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; text-align: justify;">Muriwali Yanto Matalu. (2017). Dogmatika Kristen dari Perspektif Reformed. Malang : GKKR.</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; text-align: justify;">R. C. Sproul. Essential Truths of the Christian Faith. (Tersedia dalam Bahasa Indonesia Kebenaran Dasar Iman Kristen).</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; text-align: justify;">W. Gary Crampton. The Bible : Gods Words - Verbum Dei. (Tersedia dalam Bahasa IndonesiaVerbum Dei - Alkitab Firman Allah).</li></ul><h2 style="border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); color: black; font-family: "PT Sans Narrow"; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.3; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">Referensi</h2><div class="reflist" style="color: #202122; list-style-type: decimal; margin-bottom: 0.5em;"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references" style="counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-parent 0 list-item 0; list-style-image: none; list-style-type: inherit; margin: 0.3em 0px 0px 3.2em; padding: 0px;"><li id="cite_note-1" style="counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; margin-bottom: 0.1em; text-align: justify;"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teologi_Sistematika_(Han)#cite_ref-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration-line: none;">^</a> <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jFqJaODKwIoC&" rel="nofollow" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: url("/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84"); background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: initial; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px; text-decoration-line: none;">Berkhof, Louis (1938).</a></li><li id="cite_note-The_Grace_Institute-2" style="counter-increment: mw-ref-extends-parent 1; counter-reset: mw-ref-extends-child 0; margin-bottom: 0.1em; text-align: justify;"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teologi_Sistematika_(Han)#cite_ref-The_Grace_Institute_2-0" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration-line: none;">^</a> <cite class="citation web" style="font-style: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150401000036/http://www.gcfweb.org:80/institute/theology/introduction-2.php" rel="nofollow" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: url("/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84"); background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: initial; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px; text-decoration-line: none;">"Categories of Theology"</a>. <a class="external free" href="http://www.gcfweb.org/" rel="nofollow" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: url("/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84"); background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: initial; color: #663366; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding-right: 13px; text-decoration-line: none;">http://www.gcfweb.org/</a>. Diarsipkan dari <a class="external text" href="http://www.gcfweb.org/institute/theology/introduction-2.php" rel="nofollow" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: url("/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84"); background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: initial; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px; text-decoration-line: none;">versi asli</a> tanggal 1 April 2015. Diakses tanggal 18 September 2014.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gcfweb.org%2F&rft.atitle=Categories+of+Theology&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gcfweb.org%2Finstitute%2Ftheology%2Fintroduction-2.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATeologi+Sistematika+%28Han%29"> </li></ol></div></div><h2 style="border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); color: black; font-family: "PT Sans Narrow"; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.3; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">Pranala luar</h2><ul style="color: #202122; list-style-image: url("/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/bullet-icon.svg?d4515"); margin: 0.3em 0px 0px 1.6em; padding: 0px;"><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; text-align: justify;"><a class="external text" href="http://www.evanglibrary.info/members/theo/erickson/ct/main.htm" rel="nofollow" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: url("/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84"); background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: initial; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px; text-decoration-line: none;">Teologi Kristen</a> Millard J Erickson – Teologi Kristen</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; text-align: justify;"><cite class="citation book" style="font-style: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><a class="new" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Robert_L._Reymond&action=edit&redlink=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #a55858; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Robert L. Reymond (halaman belum tersedia)">Reymond, Robert L.</a> (1998). <a class="external text" href="http://www.evanglibrary.info/members/theo/rr/main.htm" rel="nofollow" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: url("/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84"); background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: initial; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px; text-decoration-line: none;">
 A New Systematic Theology of the Christian Faith</a> (edisi ke-2). T. Nelson. hlm. 1210. <a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration-line: none;" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-8499-1317-4" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-8499-1317-4">978-0-8499-1317-4</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+New+Systematic+Theology+of+the+Christian+Faith&rft.pages=1210&rft.edition=2&rft.pub=T.+Nelson&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0-8499-1317-4&rft.aulast=Reymond&rft.aufirst=Robert+L.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.evanglibrary.info%2Fmembers%2Ftheo%2Frr%2Fmain.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATeologi+Sistematika+%28Han%29">[<a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Pranala_mati" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Wikipedia:Pranala mati">pranala nonaktif</a>]</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; text-align: justify;"><a class="external text" href="http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=1463-1652&site=1" rel="nofollow" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: url("/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84"); background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: initial; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px; text-decoration-line: none;">Jurnal internasional Sistematis Teologi</a> (akademik, keagamaan)</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; text-align: justify;"><a class="external text" href="http://www.tyndale.ca/seminary/mtsmodular/reading-rooms/theology" rel="nofollow" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: url("/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84"); background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: initial; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px; text-decoration-line: none;">Teologi Kristen Ruang Baca</a>, Tyndale Seminari</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; text-align: justify;"><a class="external text" href="http://www.thetheologyprogram.com/" rel="nofollow" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: url("/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84"); background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: initial; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px; text-decoration-line: none;">Teologi Program</a>(Studi di Protestan Injili Teologi Sistematis menampilkan video dan audio aids)</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; text-align: justify;"><a class="external text" href="http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayJournal?jid=SJT" rel="nofollow" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: url("/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84"); background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: initial; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px; text-decoration-line: none;">Skotlandia Jurnal Teologi</a> (akademik, keagamaan)</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; text-align: justify;"><a class="external text" href="http://www.resourcesforchristiantheology.org/" rel="nofollow" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: url("/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84"); background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: initial; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px; text-decoration-line: none;">Sumber daya untuk Teologi Kristen</a> (Inggris, Protestan)</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; text-align: justify;"><a class="external text" href="http://faith-theology.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: url("/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84"); background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: initial; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px; text-decoration-line: none;">Iman dan Teologi</a> (teologi sistematis weblog)</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; text-align: justify;"><a class="external text" href="http://www.monergism.com/systematic.html" rel="nofollow" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: url("/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84"); background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: initial; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px; text-decoration-line: none;">Perpustakaan Teologi Sistematika</a> (konservatif Calvinist)</li><li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em; text-align: justify;"><a class="external text" href="https://ccel.org/index/genre/gen-THE" rel="nofollow" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: url("/w/skins/Vector/resources/skins.vector.styles/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?b4b84"); background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: initial; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px; text-decoration-line: none;">Perpustakaan Litetarure Claasic Protestan</a> (Karya Classic dari CCEL)</li></ul><div style="color: #202122; font-family: "PT sans narrow"; text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="color: #202122; font-family: "PT sans narrow"; text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="color: #202122; font-family: "PT sans narrow"; text-align: justify;">[Sumber: <a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teologi_Sistematika_(Han)" target="_blank">wikipedia</a>]</div></div></div></div></div>

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